Data Visualization & Identity

Purpose of This Guide

The MU Data Visualization Brand Guidelines define the visual identity and design standards for creating clear, consistent, and accessible data visualizations across the university.

These guidelines ensure that charts, dashboards, and reports:

  • Communicate insights clearly
  • Reflect MU’s visual identity
  • Meet accessibility requirements
  • Use color and scale appropriately
  • Maintain a consistent look and feel across units

Our purpose is to support transparency, trust, and data fluency across the campus community.

Visual Identity Principles

  • Clarity First: Visuals should make insight obvious, reduce cognitive load, and avoid unnecessary decoration.
  • Consistent & Recognizable: MU visualizations use a shared color system, typography, and layout conventions to reinforce a unified brand identity.
  • Accessible by Default: Colors, text, and chart elements must be legible for all viewers, including those with color-vision deficiencies.
  • Meaningful Color Usage: Color is used to enhance understanding, not for decoration. Every color communicates a purpose.

MU Data Color System

Primary Palette

The primary colors for data visualizations at Mizzou are black and gold. These should always be the dominant colors.

Tiger Paw Black
HEX: #000000
RGB: 0, 0, 0
CMYK: 0, 0, 0, 100
Mizzou Gold
HEX: #FDB719
RGB: 253, 183, 25
CMYK: 0, 28, 90, 1

Secondary Palette

Secondary colors are useful when more colors are needed for data visualizations. Color should be used sparingly and always with a purpose.

Limestone
HEX: #D4D4D4
RGB: 212, 212, 212
CMYK: 0, 0, 0, 17
Botanic (Tint)
HEX: #99CECF
RGB: 153, 206, 207
CMYK: 26, 0, 0, 19
Slate
HEX: #4A596E
RGB: 74, 89, 110
CMYK: 33, 19, 0, 57
Mulberry (Shade)
HEX: #370013
RGB: 55, 0, 19
CMYK: 0, 100, 65, 78
Botanic (Shade)
HEX: #004243
RGB: 0, 66, 67
CMYK: 100, 1, 0, 74
Sunrise (Shade)
HEX: #993429
RGB: 153, 52, 41
CMYK: 0, 66, 73, 40

Neutrals & Background Colors

When using color as a background:

  • Use black text on light backgrounds (white, light gray)
  • Use white text on dark backgrounds (black, dark slate)

A simple rule applies:
Choose the text color with the highest contrast ratio.

White
Use with: Black text
HEX: #FFFFFF
RGB: 255, 255, 255
CMYK: 0, 0, 0, 0
Tiger Paw Black
Use with: White text
HEX: #000000
RGB: 0, 0, 0
CMYK: 0, 0, 0, 100
Limestone
Use with: Black text
HEX: #D4D4D4
RGB: 212, 212, 212
CMYK: 0, 0, 0, 17

Color Accessibility Standards

Use this section to ensure your visualizations are legible, inclusive, and compliant with accessibility standards such as WCAG AA.

Color-Blind Safe Usage

MU’s palette is designed to remain distinguishable under:

  • protanopia
  • deuteranopia
  • tritanopia

Simulated previews of each palette should be used to verify distinguishability.

Color Compatibility Matrix

Use this Color Compatibility Matrix to determine which colors can appear together in the same chart. SAFE pairings provide enough contrast and hue separation for viewers to distinguish categories clearly. POOR pairings are too similar and should be avoided when color is used as the primary identifier. Cells marked N/A reflect that a single color cannot represent multiple categories. Choosing compatible colors improves clarity, supports accessibility, and ensures your visualizations can be understood at a glance.

  • Avoid pairing MU Gold (#FDB719) with MU Red (#993429) in categorical charts
  • Avoid using two similar-luminance tones (e.g., #99CECF + #D4D4D4)
  • Use high-contrast pairings for small marks or thin lines

The first five colors are safe to use together because they stay visually distinct, even for people with protanopia, deuteranopia, or tritanopia. You can combine them freely in charts without creating confusion between categories.

Color Compatibility
Matrix
#FDB719 #000000 #D4D4D4 #99CECF #4A596E #370013 #004243 #993429
#FDB719 N/A SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE POOR
#000000 SAFE N/A SAFE SAFE SAFE POOR SAFE SAFE
#D4D4D4 SAFE SAFE N/A SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE
#99CECF SAFE SAFE SAFE N/A SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE
#4A596E SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE N/A SAFE SAFE SAFE
#370013 SAFE POOR SAFE SAFE SAFE N/A POOR SAFE
#004243 SAFE POOR SAFE SAFE POOR SAFE N/A SAFE
#993429 POOR SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE N/A

Power BI Accessibility Guidance (Microsoft Learn)

If you design reports using Power BI, Microsoft publishes detailed guidance on accessibility — including keyboard navigation, screen-reader support, tab order, alt text, color contrast, and more.

View the official Power BI accessibility guidance →

Contrast Requirements

All text and key visual elements must meet WCAG AA contrast ratios:

  • Normal text: 4.5:1
  • Large text: 3:1
  • Non-text graphics: must be distinguishable from the background

Alt Text & Screen Reader Support

Every visualization must include descriptive alt text or a textual summary to ensure accessibility for assistive technologies.

Color Scale System

Color scales communicate meaning. MU uses three standardized scale types.

Categorical Scale

Regular Colors:
Color-Blind Simulation:

Categorical color palettes are used to distinguish non-numeric categories in a visualization. Each color represents a distinct group, so the colors must be clearly different from one another. The palette above is designed to remain visually distinct across common types of color-vision deficiency, making it reliable for charts that compare discrete categories.

Sequential Scale

Regular Colors:
Color-Blind Simulation:

Sequential color palettes represent data that moves from low to high. Colors progress smoothly from light to dark to reinforce numeric order and intensity. The palette above is built around the MU Gold brand color and maintains a clear progression even under color-blind viewing, ensuring that patterns and gradients remain easy to interpret.

Diverging Scale

Regular Colors:
Color-Blind Simulation:

Diverging color palettes highlight differences around a meaningful midpoint. Two contrasting color ranges move outward from a neutral center, making them ideal for values above and below a baseline. The palette above uses distinct cool and warm tones from the MU palette that remain interpretable under color-blind simulation.

Choosing the Right Scale

Different types of data require different types of color scales. Use the table below to identify which scale (categorical, sequential, or diverging) is appropriate for your measurement type.

Scale Type Categorical Scale Sequential Scale Diverging Scale
Categorical
✔️
Very Low
Low
Med
High
Very High
Cat
Dog
Bird
Fish
Snail
Cat
Dog
Bird
Fish
Snail
Ordinal
Very Low
Low
Med
High
Very High
✔️
Very Low
Low
Neutral
High
Very High
✔️
Very Low
Low
Neutral
High
Very High
Interval
Very Low
Low
Med
High
Very High
✔️
11–20
21–30
31–40
41–50
51+
⚠️
11–20
21–30
31–40
41–50
51+
Ratio
Very Low
Low
Med
High
Very High
⚠️
-20 to -10
-10 to 0
0 to 10
10 to 20
20 to 30
✔️
-20 to -10
-10 to 0
0 to 10
10 to 20
20 to 30

Assets & Downloads

Use these downloadable assets to apply MU’s approved colors, styles, and layout standards directly in your analytics tools and design software.